Pathway sections
1
Introduction
2
Extraction
3
Manufacturing
4
Transportation
5
Use
6
Disposal
7
Solutions

Section 2 of 7

Extraction: Mining minerals

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Resource extraction is a global undertaking

Below is a map of where much of the resource extraction occurs for five of the most important raw materials that make our lithium-ion batteries. Maps can be used to present geographical data. You can toggle what data is visible to you by clicking on the resources in the key.

What trends do you notice? Are there any patterns in locations where the raw materials are mined? Do you think these materials are located in other areas around the globe? Explain your current thinking.

What do you notice about the information presented in the map below? What questions arise for you?

Asset: Resource Extraction Map

Data courtesy of Mineral Commodity Summaries 2019, USGS & US DOI

Explore

Exploring the elements

The periodic table is like a map. It is a visual tool we use to organize the chemical elements based on patterns in their properties.

What do you notice about where the elements we use to make lithium-ion batteries are organized on the periodic table? What properties do you think these elements have and share? How do you think lithium might be different from the other elements?

Cobalt

Copper

Lithium

Aluminum

Carbon

Asset: Periodic Table of Elements

At mining sites, two common ways that humans obtain materials are open-pit mining and brine extraction.

Gather information about each process below. As you gather information about each process, consider:

  • Why do you think these steps are used to extract raw materials?
  • What do you predict are the impacts of each process on the surrounding ecosystems?

New interactive

Asset: Extraction

Explore

Now let’s take a closer look at each of these five resources and the impacts of their extraction.

Asset: Extraction

New interactive: Benefits/Drawbacks

Asset: Extraction
Challenge

What are some of the trade-offs that are presented at this step of the supply chain?

Our current mining processes present challenges including:

  • erosion
  • habitat loss
  • health effects from air and water pollution

Did you think of others?

Which of these drawbacks matters most to you?

Show the answer

Elaborate

What are solutions to problems of resource extraction?

Below are potential solutions that leaders today are pursuing in order to address some of the drawbacks above.

What do you think about these solutions? What ideas can you think of to improve upon them? Do you have ideas for other kinds of solutions?

Asset: Solutions: Blockchain
Asset: Solutions: Dematerialization

Once we've extracted raw materials, the next step is to turn them into lithium-ion batteries.

Ready to continue exploring the supply chain?

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Manufacturing

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